RAJENDRA : Journal of Science and Technology Learning Innovation
RAJENDRA: Journal of Science and Technology Learning Innovation (ISSN: 3123-8017) is a scientific journal focused on the development and innovation in the field of science and technology education. This journal covers various disciplines within the scope of science and technology, including mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry, computer science, electronics, engineering, and technology, with the aim of enriching and advancing the understanding and practice of learning in these fields. RAJENDRA provides a platform for academicians, researchers, and practitioners to share the latest research findings, innovative ideas, and solutions in teaching and technology development in education. The articles published include basic research, applied research, theoretical studies, and the development of methodologies in science and technology education. This journal is published three times a year, in January, May, and September contributing significantly to the advancement of education in the fields of science and technology. RAJENDRA is committed to being a primary reference in the academic world regarding the application of innovation in teaching and learning science and technology. RAJENDRA invites researchers and practitioners to submit quality articles for publication in upcoming issues, with the expectation of making a positive impact on the development of science and technology education, both in Indonesia and globally.
Validity of Local Wisdom-Based Teaching Materials on the Topic of Rigid Body Equilibrium
This research aims to develop teaching materials based on local wisdom using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Integrating local wisdom into teaching materials is seen as an important strategy to provide learning that is contextual, meaningful, and relevant to students' lives. Through this approach, the teaching materials are designed not only to convey academic concepts but also to connect Physics content with the cultural values that exist in students' environments, with the hope of enhancing their understanding of concepts and engagement in the learning process. This study used a Research and Development (R&D) method involving validation by content experts, language experts, and media experts, as well as limited trials with students. The validation results showed that the developed teaching materials had a feasibility level of 92%, which is categorized as very suitable for use in learning. In addition, the student response test showed a percentage of 77%, indicating that these local wisdom-based teaching materials were well received and effective in helping students understand the concepts being learned. Overall, the research results confirm that teaching materials based on local wisdom can be an innovative alternative in learning Physics. These teaching materials not only improve the quality of concept understanding but also strengthen the connection between academic content and relevant local cultural values. Therefore, developing teaching materials based on local wisdom has the potential to be a strategic solution in creating more contextual, inclusive, and meaningful learning for students.
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Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty and Calibration Traceability for Gauge Thermometers and Vernier Calipers
This study analyzes measurement uncertainty and metrological traceability in the calibration of a gauge thermometer and a vernier caliper at the Standardization and Industrial Services Center of Medan. The calibration was performed using a comparison method against traceable reference standards under controlled laboratory conditions. The gauge thermometer was tested at five temperature points (20°C, 60°C, 100°C, and 140°C) with five repeated measurements at each point to evaluate repeatability and measurement consistency. Meanwhile, the vernier caliper was calibrated at six nominal length points (25 mm, 50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, and 150 mm) with three repeated measurements for each point using gauge blocks as reference standards. The results show that the gauge thermometer exhibits systematic deviation, particularly at the lowest temperature point (20°C), with an error of +3°C, while higher temperature points show smaller deviations. The vernier caliper demonstrates good repeatability with small deviations ranging from 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm across measurement points. These results indicate that both instruments are still usable but require periodic calibration and correction to maintain accuracy. This study emphasizes that structured multi-point calibration and repeated measurements improve the reliability of uncertainty evaluation and strengthen metrological traceability. The findings contribute to better calibration practices in laboratory and industrial environments by supporting more reliable measurement results in accordance with international metrology standards.
Disaster Communication Preparedness in Addressing Geomagnetic Disturbances: A Study from the Perspective of the Regional Disaster Management Agency
Indonesia faces a high level of disaster vulnerability not only due to geological factors and its tropical climate but also because of geomagnetic disturbances that can significantly affect communication and electrical infrastructure. Solar-storm-induced geomagnetic disruptions may interfere with navigation systems, power grids, and digital communication networks, all of which are essential for effective disaster response. This study analyzes the strategies and preparedness of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) in maintaining reliable disaster communication amid such risks. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were gathered through interviews, document analysis, and literature review, then examined using the Miles and Huberman model. The findings show that BPBD does not yet have independent capacity to monitor geomagnetic activity and therefore depends on institutions like BMKG and BNPB. Nonetheless, BPBD has prepared alternative communication strategies, including using handy talkies, repeater systems, emergency SOPs, and routine training. Social media remains an important channel for information dissemination despite its vulnerability to disruptions. The study concludes that combining digital and manual communication is crucial for building an adaptive and resilient disaster communication system.
The Implementation of the Discovery Learning Model on Plant and Animal Body Structure Material to Enhance Primary School Students' Learning Achievement
This study was motivated by the low level of student activity and learning outcomes in science subjects, particularly in the subject of plant and animal structure. Learning that is dominated by lecture methods causes students to be passive and lack understanding of the concepts. This study aims to increase student activity and learning outcomes through the implementation of the Discovery Learning model. This study is a classroom action research (CAR) conducted in two cycles by adopting the Kemmis and McTaggart model. The research subjects were 15 fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 1 Liku, consisting of 10 female students and 5 male students. The data collection instruments included learning achievement tests and observation sheets on teacher and student activities. Data analysis was conducted using quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The success indicator was set at a minimum of 80% of students achieving the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) ≥ 65. The results showed a significant improvement. In Cycle I, learning completeness only reached 60% (9 students completed) with teacher activity at 76%. After improvements in Cycle II, learning mastery increased to 86.6% (13 students mastered the material) and teacher activity increased to 86%. Thus, the application of the Discovery Learning model proved to be effective in increasing active participation and learning achievement of students in the subject of plant and animal body parts.
Copyright (c) 2026 RAJENDRA : Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Sains dan Teknologi
Visualization of the Kinetic Gas Theory Concept through the Air Expansion Experiment in Balloons as a Simple Practical Media
This study was conducted to understand how temperature variations affect the change in air volume within a balloon, referencing the key concepts in the Kinetic Gas Theory. In the experimental procedure, a balloon with an initial diameter of 20 cm was immersed in water at temperatures of 30°C, 45°C, and 60°C, with three repetitions for each condition to ensure stable results. Observations showed that the diameter of the balloon increased as the water temperature was raised. This increase is related to the rise in the kinetic energy of the gas particles when heated, causing the pressure against the balloon's walls to increase, which results in a larger volume. These findings demonstrate a direct relationship between temperature and changes in gas volume within a closed space. This discovery explains that heating has a significant effect on the expansion of air inside the balloon and supports the fundamental principle of gas behavior in response to changes in thermal energy. Overall, the study emphasizes that temperature variation plays an important role in volume changes, and the results can serve as a foundation for teaching or research related to gas dynamics.
Climate Change in Science Textbooks: Exploring the Breadth and Depth of Content Connections
Textbook evaluation is an important step in ensuring that the content aligns with curriculum demands and students’ needs, especially for the sub-topic of climate change in the Grade 10 Science (IPA) textbook. Using a literature review approach, this study evaluates three key aspects: (1) the breadth and depth of the material, (2) its alignment with the Merdeka Curriculum’s learning outcomes, and (3) its ability to develop higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). The results show that the textbook presents essential climate change topics in a proportional and contextual manner, with a logical structure suited to students’ cognitive development stages. It supports the Profile of a Pancasila Student through project-based activities, reflective tasks, and reinforcement of 21st-century skills. HOTS are facilitated through data analysis questions, critical discussions, and creative projects relevant to environmental issues. However, some sections contain overly complex concepts, such as the molecular mechanisms of the greenhouse effect and international institutions, that require additional teacher support and supplementary visualizations. Overall, the textbook demonstrates strong potential to support science education that is contextual, participatory, and oriented toward sustainability literacy.
Feasibility Study of Renewable Energy Materials in Supporting Meaningful Learning
This study aims to analyze the scope and depth of renewable energy content in the 2023 edition of the Grade 10 senior high school science textbook. A qualitative research design with a descriptive analytical approach was employed. Data collection was carried out through a comprehensive review, with relevant information related to the research topic being carefully noted. The findings reveal that the renewable energy content in the textbook is generally in line with the learning outcomes of the Merdeka Curriculum. It addresses contextual issues and offers opportunities to foster higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). However, an imbalance between the breadth and depth of coverage was found, particularly in physics topics such as the working principles of solar power plants (PLTS), hydroelectric power plants (PLTA), and biogas, where the explanations remain largely descriptive without an in-depth physics analysis. It is recommended that textbook developers enrich the content by providing a deeper exploration of physics concepts. Teachers are also encouraged to adopt strategies such as simple experiments, simulation videos, and relevant local case studies to enhance the learning experience. In conclusion, while this textbook is suitable for use in teaching, further development is needed to support more meaningful learning.
Analysis of Suitability, Breadth and Depth, Measurement Material in Science Books for Senior High School Grade X
The evaluation of physics teaching materials is essential to ensure alignment between content, instructional approaches, and strategies with the demands of the Merdeka Curriculum. This study aims to analyze the suitability, breadth, and depth of content in the chapter Measurement Systems in Scientific Work from the Senior High School Physics textbook in relation to the learning outcomes set by the Merdeka Curriculum and students' cognitive development. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through document analysis, examining the material’s content against the learning achievements of Phase E. The results show that the book presents fundamental concepts of measurement, measuring instruments, and measurement errors systematically and in line with curriculum structure. However, aspects such as uncertainty, data processing, and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) are still limited. A lack of contextualized exercises, investigative experiments, and scientific reflections is noted. Strengthening the integration of STEM, data exploration, and problem-based activities is essential to improve the depth and meaningfulness of learning. This evaluation recommends the revision of teaching materials to be more adaptive to 21st-century student needs and fully support the Pancasila Student Profile.